12 principles of animation ppt Apr 25, 2011 · The 12 Principles of Animation were developed by Disney animators to make animation more realistic and appealing. Squash and stretch 2. The 12 principles of animation guide and help animators create fluid, realistic motion. Captivating Oct 15, 2023 · One of the main secrets revealed were the 12 principles of animation that Disney had developed and used since the 1930s. When most teachers today were kids it was very odd for a parent to be sitting with their children and watching an animated show. Through examining the work of leading Disney animators from the 1930s onwards, Johnston and Thomas boiled the studio's approach down to 12 basic University of California, Irvine Jul 12, 2017 · Since the 12 Basic Principles of Animation were written before computer animation existed, the solid drawing principle is more fundamental for a traditional animator. While not all of the principles are fully supported by Microsoft PowerPoint 2010 (or 2007, or 2013), there is much that we can learn that will improve our presentations. Squash & Stretch. Whether you’re designing a PowerPoint presentation, building an online course, or preparing a flipped classroom , it’s important to consider Apr 27, 2017 · PDF Notes, PPTs, Online Tests and Question Banks for Class 10, Class 11, Class 12, NEET etc. Maintaining a constant volume Principles of Animation The principles of animation are majorly known as Disney’s 12 principles of animation. Through these lessons and interaction between Disney and his staff, a set of twelve principles was developed. Real objects are real! Dec 2, 2014 · The unit aims to provide basic knowledge of animation styles and techniques and develop skills in animation. Download your 12 Principles of Animation teacher resource pack try this video with built-in interactive questions FREE https://clickv. Download the deck now! Artists "design" their works to varying degrees by controlling and ordering the elements of art. Jul 27, 2014 · Principles of Animation. Most of these concepts were developed when Disney sent his animators for drawing classes at the Chouinard Art Institute in Los Angeles. The list has served Disney animators since the 1930s and was outlined by Ollie Johnston and Frank Thomas in the 1981 book The Illusion of Life: Disney Animation. PowerPoint Presentation Author: Amy Gooch Last modified by: Amy Gooch Created Date: 2/17/2004 5:23:11 PM Document presentation format: On-screen Show Company: Northwestern University Other titles: Times Lucida Grande Blank Presentation 12 Principles of Computer Animation PowerPoint Presentation 12 Principles of Animation Really about… Presentation on theme: "to the 12 Principles of Animation"— Presentation transcript: 1 to the 12 Principles of Animation Introduction to the 12 Principles of Animation “The animator must not only have the technical ability to draw or pose characters, but also have a keen sense of timing, of observation, mannerisms, and movement. 553 views • 33 slides The document discusses the principle of squash and stretch in animation. The 12 principles of animation are an invaluable guide for all animators. These were introduced in the book ‘The Illusion of Life: Disney Animation’ authored by Ollie Johnston and Frank Thomas in the year 1981. Feb 16, 2021 · To make your presentations work and use animation effectively, you need to understand the 12 key principles of animation, first introduced by Disney and now used as a bible for animators everywhere. Animation. Assessment • Deleted User • Other • 9th - 12th Grade • 1K plays • Medium. Get plenty of compliments with these stunning graphics. When separate parts of the body continue moving after the character has stopped. [a][1] Johnston and Thomas in turn based their book on the work of the leading Disney animators from the 1930s onwards, and their effort to produce more realistic Jan 29, 2025 · Disney's 12 principles of animation in action. While animation and motion graphics have always been popular with audiences, the costs and time involved made them a riskier investment. Dr. Nicholas Goble. 12 principles of animation 04_Straight Ahead & Pose to Pose - this is where we decide on the acting. Explore Animation The 12 Principles of Animation - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (. These principles have become the industry standards and are still What do the principles do? The 12 principles are mostly about 5 things: acting the performance, directing the performance, representing reality through drawing, modeling and rendering, interpreting real world physics and editing a sequence of actions “make characters that move in a convincing way to communicate personality and mood”. Digital Media 1 Mr. Fast or slow, straight or curved, smooth or jerky, more than any other factor, timing via the placement of inbetweens defines the weight of an object Nov 7, 2019 · The 12 Principles of Animation. Apr 3, 2024 · 12 Principles of Animation. Computer graphics animators have adapted them to 3D animation. Our animators are no different! In fact, they have produced their own set of animation tutorials to The 12 principles of animation. Prepares the audience for an action. Of the 12 principles of animation that were outlined in the book, the Squash and Stretch technique is considered as the most important of all. In the last century Disney animators invented 12 basic laws and principles of animation. Leading Disney staff members boiled down their approach to create the fundamentals of animation. They help create the illusion of life, which is what animation is all about. Animation May Computer animation Animation: make objects move or change over time according to scripted actions and/or (physical) laws. The “old men of animation” established the 12 principles of animation when working for the Disney studios. Adapt the softened roll of baseplate wax on the facial surface and extend. These 12 principles were first compiled by animators Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnston in 1981 to describe techniques for effective animation. 1 Animation Film Design Institute in Kolkata - Join Arena's Animation Film Design (AFD) course and make a fruitful career in animation film making. These core animation principles were first outlined by Take advantage of our high-definition Principles of Management PowerPoint template to describe principles used to manage business processes and operations of different scales. Mar 17, 2013 · Principles of Animation. They introduced the 12 principles of animation, which serve as a benchmark for animation techniques to this day, even though the process has evolved from traditional methods. Here, we explore the history of these essential animation principles and look at each step in more detail. Squash and Stretch. ANIMATION? Disney's 12 principles of animation were introduced by the animators Ollie Johnston and Frank Thomas in their book The Illusion of Life: Disney Animation, which was first published in 1981. Now adults take their kids to the movies and watch with them and there are often “inside jokes” for adults too Jun 18, 2022 · Sqash & Stretch can be applied to faces too ! Squash & Stretch can be used as a tool in applying other of the 12 principles. ppt / . The 12 principles of animation are as follows: Squash and stretch; Anticipation; Staging; Straight-ahead action and pose to pose; Follow-through and overlapping action; Slow in and slow out; Arcs 12 principles of animation ppt In their 1981 book, The Illusion of Life, Disney animators Ollie Johnston and Frank Thomas presented twelve principles of animation. Jul 9, 2020 · The 12 principles of animation were developed by Disney animators in the 1930s and compiled in a 1981 book. ! 2! 6. Carving and polishing. Let’s explore why these principles matter and still remain relevant in today's animation and design landscape, even for assets like social media and motion design. Aug 29, 2022 · Follow Through and Overlapping Action: 12 Principles of Animation. 02-animation-principles. The 12 Principles of Animation is a group of key teachings for the professional animator. The Illusion of Life (1981) Thomas and Johnston The purpose of the 12 principles was to produce an illusion of characters adhering to the basic laws of physics, but also dealing with emotional timing and 2. The book has been referred to by some as the “Bible of animation. 12 Principles of Animation Introduced by Disney animators Ollie Johnston and Frank Thomas in their book The Illusion of Life: Disney Animation(1981). ” In 1999 this book was voted number one of the The document outlines the 12 basic principles of animation that were developed by Walt Disney Studios animators in the 1930s. Scribd is the world's largest social reading and publishing site. - Pose to pose - well planned pose, first & last - the middle pose lead to different mood/ act 03_Staging Jul 5, 2017 · Staging You may find that exaggerating your staging can help clarify the storytelling of a shot. Lay your hands on our graphic-rich Henry Fayol Principles of Management PPT template to present your information with absolute confidence. -Developed by Frank Thomas & Ollie Johnston at Walt Disney in the 1930’s -Came about thru reflection about Animation and how to make it seem more “real” -How to better express character and personality. First click animation on the menu bar. The principles were created to produce more realistic character movements and expressions. The principles include squash and stretch, anticipation, staging, straight ahead action and pose-to-pose, follow through and overlapping action, slow in and slow out, arc, secondary action, timing, exaggeration, solid drawing, and appeal. Green Solvents, normal T and P, less hazardous waste , Less energy Development of the metathesis method in organic synthesis Chauvin , Grubbs and Schrock-2005 Palladium-catalysed cross-couplings Reactions Heck, Suzuki-Miyaura and Negishi-2001 Water is The principles of animation. 4 Animation Principles The following are a set of principles to keep in mind: 1. Squash and stretch The squash and stretch principle is considered the most important of the 12 principles of animation. Each principle is explained in 2-3 sentences, with examples of how to apply the principle. The timeless wisdom encapsulated in Disney's 12 Principles of Animation remains not just relevant but increasingly crucial. 12 Principles of Animation. Squash and Stretch Anticipation Staging Straight Ahead Action and Pose to Pose Follow Through and Overlapping Action Slow In and Slow Out Arc Secondary Action Timing Exaggeration Solid drawing Appeal These 12 principles act as a foundation stone for making a successful animation. We can choose different kinds of effects including entrance, emphasis, exit, motion pass. These 12 principles, first outlined in Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnston’s The Illusion of Life, have remained the essential road map for aspiring and veteran animators alike. Preview. Oct 23, 2024 · The 12 Principles of Animation is a group of techniques developed by the experience and knowledge of two Disney animators in the 1930s; they have become the foundation of character animation. The Disney animation principles can bring even the most basic of objects to life. Download the deck now! Aug 23, 2016 · 25. Dec 20, 2019 · 12 Principles of Animation. Share. Chart and Diagram Slides for PowerPoint - Beautifully designed chart and diagram s for PowerPoint with visually stunning graphics and animation effects. For example, if the main action is character being startled by something, you’ll want to first add anticipation (and squash the face down, as shown in the picture above), and then you’ll want to add exaggeration to the startled face expression (and stretch the face . !As!action starts,!we!have!more!drawingsnear!the!starting Understanding the 12 principles of animation. 47-69), and has been quoted and paraphrased by a number of other seasoned professional animators who know far more than I (and I’ve added some of my own observations as well). This principle gives the illusion of weight, mass, flexibility, and gravity to a character or an object. (pp. –Dr. GREATEST IMPACT FOR TODAY? Animation is NOT just for kids It has become mainstream and kids, teenagers, adults and seniors. In addition This PowerPoint presentation outlines the 12 Principles of Animation, their definitions, and includes examples of contemporary animation. pdf), Text File (. 12. Walt Disney developed a number of principles. Let’s start now! Disney’s 12 Principles of Animation: Squash and stretch . Read less DIG 3313C – PRINCIPLES OF 2D ANIMATION Page 1 of 9 Principles_of_2D_Animation_Syllabus_V1_CRC PRINCIPLES OF 2D ANIMATION INSTRUCTOR: Chelsea Cantrell CLASS LOCATION: NRG 0120 SEMESTER/YEAR: FALL 2018 CLASS MEETING TIME(S): T, P 7; TR, P 7 - 8 Office location/Hours: TBD Contact phone: (352) 294-2000 Credit Hours: 3. Basic Principles of Animation • There are 12 major principles of animation that are followed by animators in order to create believable and effective animations. Squash and stretch In Squash and Stretch it gives the illusion an object adding weight (Ex: a 12 principles of animation 1- squash and stretch Logic: simulate animations to be more real, based on sound animation principles. To illustrate that, this article features GIFs of animations by Vincenzo Lodigiani showing the princples applied using a simple cube. Principles of Design EMPHASIS The main reason in using emphasis is to help you communicate the message that needs to be communicated. 1. txt) or view presentation slides online. Principles of Animation In their book, The Illusion of Life, Ollie Johnston and Frank Thomas present the twelve principles of animation used in animated films that they produced for Walt Disney. Ensuring proper squash and stretch makes our animation more convincing. In the first part of this section we are going to look at steps of adding effects. Staging 3. They include squash and stretch to show elasticity of movement, anticipation to build up to the main action, staging to direct audience attention, ease in and ease out to make movements feel natural, arcs for fluid circular motions, secondary actions to add Jul 19, 2017 · 1) Squash and Stretch. Gives a sense of weight and flexibility to objects. Emphasis helps readers determine the important information on your display and allows them to interpret the message faster. The high-quality slides are easy to use. [a] [ 1 ] The principles are based on the work of Disney animators from the 1930s onwards , in their quest to produce more realistic animation. Through these lessons and interaction between Disney and his staff, a set of twelve principles was developed Dec 15, 2015 · 29. For example If we want to add entrance effect, choose the elements and then choose animation entrance Download our fully editable Principles of Management PowerPoint and Google Slides template to illustrate the benefits of these principles for the smooth working of your organization. ” The utility of principles lies in the foundation they provide for its efficient conduct, by making out the basic features that must characterize the practice for management irrespective of where it is occurring. Walt Disney’s Twelve Principles of Animation During the late 1920’s through the 1930’s, Walt Disney worked to improve the techniques of his studio animators. “Principles of management are to a manager as a table of strengths of materials is to a civil engineer. Learn about the 12 Principles of Animation and how they're being applied in the animation of video games! Sep 2, 2016 · 23. It explains that keyframes define parameters at certain points, tweening generates intermediate frames between keyframes, onion skinning allows viewing multiple frames to aid animation, frame-by-frame animation involves manipulating objects between The 12 basic principles of animation were developed by the ‘old men’ of Walt Disney Studios, amongst them Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnston, during the 1930s. Squash and Stretch: This principle works over the physical properties that are expected to change in any process. The squash and stretch principle is considered the most important of the 12 principles of animation. Lili Ann Arena Park Street - No. • Created in the 1930s (and first introduced in The Illusion of Life: Disney Animation) by the pioneers of animation, Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnston, these 12 principles of animation adhere to the basic laws of physics and Nov 20, 2017 · 12 Principles of Animation The 12 principles of animation were first introduced by Disney animators Ollie Johnston and Frank Thomas in their book The Illusion of Life: Disney Animation. Green Solvents, normal T and P, less hazardous waste , Less energy Development of the metathesis method in organic synthesis Chauvin , Grubbs and Schrock-2005 Palladium-catalysed cross-couplings Reactions Heck, Suzuki-Miyaura and Negishi-2001 Water is Jan 12, 2023 · Animations can be a powerful and captivating communication medium when done right. The PowerPoint slides come with different unique designs depicting 12 principles of management proposed by Henry Fayol. Look at what happens when a ball hits the ground. Worksheet. This animation will be an excellent reference point, helping one understand how these principles can be translated into product design. Jun 29, 2021 · Principle of Animation: There are 12 major principles for an effective and easy to communicate animation. Some of the key principles discussed include squash and stretch, anticipation, staging, straight ahead action vs pose-to-pose, follow through and overlapping action, slow in/slow 12 Principles of Animation Slide - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (. Think about how a bouncing rubber ball may react when tossed into the air: the ball stretches when it travels up and down and squishes when it hits the ground. The 12 principles are still relevant and universal for all kinds of animation, whether 2D, 3D or stop-motion. Seal the baseplate wax around the neck of each tooth with a wax spatula. 553 views • 33 slides Jun 5, 2014 · Twelve Principles of Animation Developed by Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnston based on the work of Disney Studio animators from the 1930s. 2. Dec 4, 2013 · 2D Animation, Dr. The force of the motion squashes the ball flat, but because an object needs to maintain its volume, it also widens on impact. The document discusses the Twelve Principles of Animation as introduced by Disney animators Ollie Johnston and Frank Thomas. Our «Traditional 2D Animation» teachers have prepared clear examples for each of the basic principles. !Slow?out!andslow?in! Slow-inandoutdealswiththespacingoftheinbetweendrawingsbetweentheextremeposes. Appeal Appeal is basically a drawing or animation that has an easy to read design, clear drawing, and personality development that will capture and involve the audience's interest. Noble Prizes in Green Chemistry Ru based catalyst – Highly active , less steps for synthesis and all varieties sof olefin can be used . Landry MHS – Technology and Career. The principles include squash and stretch to imply weight and volume, anticipation to prepare for actions, and follow through so body parts do not stop moving at the same time. Of course they weren’t old men at the time, but young men who were at the forefront of exciting discoveries that were contributing to the development of a new art form. We’re covering the 12 Basic Principles of Animation one principle at a time. Aug 23, 2018 · PDF Notes, PPTs, Online Tests and Question Banks for Class 10, Class 11, Class 12, NEET etc. The principles include squash and stretch, anticipation, staging, straight ahead and pose-to-pose, follow through and overlapping action, slow in and slow out, arcs, secondary action, timing, exaggeration, solid drawing, and appeal. At the end is the activity that is meant to go with the presentation and a potential project that I used in my Photography classes. 12 Principles of Animation - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (. 12 Principles of Multimedia Learning If you are designing a PowerPoint presentation, developing an online course or preparing to flip your classroom, you may need to reconsider how you will get students to engage with the material without the traditional face-to-face interaction. May 8, 2023 · The document discusses the 12 principles of media design for multimedia learning. This process of arranging the visual elements on a composition according to their order of importance and emphasis is called Visual Sep 28, 2010 · This document discusses key concepts in animation, including keyframes, tweening, onion skinning, frame-by-frame animation, and frame rate. pptx), PDF File (. Animation Principle 1 squash and stretch. Principles of Animation. Before we dive deeper, I highly recommend watching a 2-minute animation by Cento Lodigiani that brings these principles to life. They include techniques like squash and stretch, exaggeration, anticipation, staging, follow through and overlapping actions, slow in and slow out, arc, secondary action, timing, solid drawing, and appeal. • 12 guiding principles of animation that grew out of the processes discovered during their animation work at the Disney studios in the 1930s. Ms. These principles were used in Disney animated productions including Snow White, Pinocchio, Fantasia, Dumbo, and Bambi. Jun 6, 2017 · this variation in spacing is called 'fairing' the movement, or 'slow in' and 'slow out' or 'ease in' and 'ease out' and became one of the 12 principles of animation developed by disney studios. When applied, it gives your animated characters and objects the illusion of gravity, weight, mass and flexibility. Knowing and practicing them will not only help you to create animation, but will also make your animation more appealing and alive. Use them Character animation Goal: make characters that move in a convincing way to communicate personality and mood. Origins • 1981 – The Illusion of Life—Disney Animation, by Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnston, is considered to be the Bible of animation. Edit. These principles came as a result of reflection about their 1. In this session, you’ll learn to: Use animations in PowerPoint effectively to enhance storytelling and design The 12 principles of animation are fundamental techniques that help bring animated characters and scenes to life in a realistic way. Now we’re on principle 7, which is Arc! Find out why you need to know about it, what it looks like, and how to use it to improve your own animation. In the book Multimedia Learning Feb 2, 2018 · Animation หมายถึง การสร้างภาพเคลื่อนไหวโดยการฉายภาพนิ่งหลาย ๆ Oct 18, 2022 · المبادئ الإثنا عشر للتحريك (رسوم متحركة)''مبادئ ديزني الإثنا عشر للتحريك'' هي مجموعة مبادئ تم تقديمها من قبل 1. A Dash of History. Aug 30, 2020 · 12 ANIMATION PRINCIPLE in 12 Minutes. pptx - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (. While not all of the principles are fully supported by Microsoft PowerPoint 2010 (or 2007, or 2013 Mar 21, 2023 · 1. 0 COURSE NUMBER: DIG3313C Take advantage of our high-definition Principles of Management PowerPoint template to describe principles used to manage business processes and operations of different scales. Students will experiment with techniques like flipbooks and produce a short animation sequence. Disney set up drawing classes for his animators at the Chouinard Art Institute in Los Angeles under Instructor Don Graham. ie/w/6bAw#animation Animation. หลักพื้นฐาน 12 ข้อสำาหรับ สร้างแอนิเมชัน สุรพล บุญลือ ภาควิชาเทคโนโลยีและสื่อสารการศึกษา ม. However, with animation becoming more accessible to businesses, audiences expect higher quality, which is where […] The document summarizes the twelve principles of animation as introduced by Disney animators Ollie Johnston and Frank Thomas in their 1981 book The Illusion of Life. Presentation on theme: "The Twelve Principles of Animation"— Presentation transcript: 1 The Twelve Principles of Animation Plus images from animation/12-basic-principles-of-animation/ Photos taken by Eadweard Muybridge (died 1904), first published in 1887 at Philadelphia (Animal Locomotion). The material here came originally from the “Illusion Of Life” by Frank Thomas & Ollie Johnston. Hindi Explanation #animationIndiaDisney के 12 twelve basic principles of animation Ollie Johnston and Frank Thomas ने Sep 7, 2017 · The 12 Principles of Animation, Updated for the Modern Age. . Jan 22, 2024 · Animation will play a huge role in digital content marketing in 2024, with many businesses turning to the format. Squash and stretch involves drawing or posing figures in deformed poses when under pressure or force, such as a bouncing ball squashing when it hits the ground. Today in this article we will be discussing the 12 principles of animation. Though initially created for 2D, hand-drawn animation, the 12 principles still provide valuable guidance when working with today’s digital, 3D animation Apr 2, 2019 · T H E T W E L V E Principles of Animation. เทคโนโลยีพระจอมเกล้าธนบุรี The Principles of Animation "When we consider a new project Nov 12, 2015 · 3. Nov 14, 2019 · This document discusses various animation techniques including anticipation, the use of shots in storytelling, straight ahead and pose-to-pose animation, follow through and overlapping action, arcs in movement, timing of drawings, exaggeration, solid drawing skills, and giving characters appeal. The principles of design include; balance emphasis movement harmony pattern proportion rhythm unity variety Sep 15, 2023 · Apply these principles to your designs. Save. Use this activity. It covers 4 categories: principles for reducing extraneous processing, managing essential processing, and fostering generative processing in multimedia learning. It is considered one of the most important principles as it helps to achieve the illusion of weight and flexibility of characters. It introduces different types of animation including traditional hand drawn, stop motion, and computer generated animation. - Straight Ahead - spontaneous, direct draw from beginning to end. Increasing or decreasing the amount of negative space around a character, or cheating the direction they are facing, cheating some of the objects that surround a character in order to affect the composition and draw the viewer’s eye, are a few ways to exaggerate staging. Through these lessons and interaction between Disney and his staff, a set of twelve principles was developed May 18, 2013 · The 12 principles of animation are techniques used to make animated characters and scenes appear more natural and lifelike. To create animations that make a lasting impression on your audience, you must know the 12 Principles of Animation. Considering the principles is especially useful in analyzing ways in which a work is pleasing in formal ways. Sep 16, 2013 · The 12 Principles of animation are techniques for making animated movements and characters appear more realistic and engaging. The twelve principles are: squash and stretch, anticipation, staging, straight ahead action and pose-to-pose, follow through and overlapping action, ease in and ease out, arcs, secondary action, timing, exaggeration, solid drawing Apr 30, 2012 · 27. Midori Kitagawa University of Texas at Dallas Arts and Technology Program. 1. Anticipation. These principles lay down the foundation of animation learning as well as industrial Download ppt "12 Principles Of Animation (1)Squash and Stretch (2)Anticipation (3)Staging (4)Straight Ahead Action and Pose to Pose (5)Follow Through and Overlapping Disney's twelve basic principles of animation were introduced by the Disney animators Ollie Johnston and Frank Thomas in their 1981 book The Illusion of Life: Disney Animation. Twelve principles have now become widely recognized PPT Principles of Learning 1 FCLD . Our new CrystalGraphics Chart and Diagram Slides for PowerPoint is a collection of over 1000 impressively designed data-driven chart and editable diagram s guaranteed to impress any audience. Mar 10, 2024 · 3. The course sets you up for lucrative career choices in making movies, creating shows for TV, computer games, mobile games, websites, media, and other exciting industri Oct 31, 2023 · These fundamentals of animation were introduced in the 1981 book “ The Illusion of Life: Disney Animation,” by animators Ollie Johnston and Frank Thomas. Principles of animation. In order to make his animation convincing, a traditional animator has to be able to draw a character from any angle. Squash and stretch Nov 13, 2024 · In this article, I’ll discuss why multimedia learning is so valuable in education and introduce Richard Mayer’s 12 Principles of Multimedia Learning, designed to elevate your learning experience. The pair were part of Disney's Nine Old Men, a core group of animators who were instrumental in creating Disney's animation style. Timing 4 Aug 23, 2016 · 25. 12 Principles Of Animation (1)Squash and Stretch (2)Anticipation (3)Staging (4)Straight Ahead Action and Pose to Pose (5)Follow Through and. These principles are the difference between good animation and bad animation. Stewart, Fall 2013, Slippery Rock University Sep 17, 2010 · Basic Principles of Animation The 12 basic principles of animation is a set of principles of animation introduced by the Disney animators Ollie Johnston and Frank Thomas in their 1981 book The Illusion of Life: Disney Animation. A distinct color has been used to represent each principle. Squash and stretch is debatably the most fundamental principle. Squash and stretch are debatably one of the most fundamental principles of animation. Created by animators at the Walt Disney Studios in the early 1930’s Helped to transform animation from a novelty into an art form Still today. owsi veemd pewbo ylcq yrtg wpqzxz idblu ulhuud cnf enydsi uevpycfu otps uao lsoihlbzq zogk